diff --git a/src/common.h b/src/common.h
index f6c8207..b8a032a 100644
--- a/src/common.h
+++ b/src/common.h
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ typedef struct {
 struct _glx_texture {
   GLuint texture;
   GLXPixmap glpixmap;
-  Pixmap pixmap;
+  xcb_pixmap_t pixmap;
   GLenum target;
   unsigned width;
   unsigned height;
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ typedef uint32_t glx_prog_main_t;
 #endif
 
 typedef struct {
-  Pixmap pixmap;
+  xcb_pixmap_t pixmap;
   xcb_render_picture_t pict;
   glx_texture_t *ptex;
 } paint_t;
@@ -2311,34 +2311,3 @@ wintype_arr_enable(bool arr[]) {
     arr[i] = true;
   }
 }
-
-/**
- * Destroy a <code>Pixmap</code>.
- */
-static inline void
-free_pixmap(session_t *ps, Pixmap *p) {
-  if (*p) {
-    xcb_connection_t *c = XGetXCBConnection(ps->dpy);
-    xcb_free_pixmap(c, *p);
-    *p = None;
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Create a pixmap and check that creation succeeded.
- */
-static inline xcb_pixmap_t
-create_pixmap(session_t *ps, uint8_t depth, xcb_drawable_t drawable, uint16_t width, uint16_t height)
-{
-  xcb_connection_t *c = XGetXCBConnection(ps->dpy);
-  xcb_pixmap_t pix = xcb_generate_id(c);
-  xcb_void_cookie_t cookie = xcb_create_pixmap_checked(c, depth, pix, drawable, width, height);
-  xcb_generic_error_t *err = xcb_request_check(c, cookie);
-  if (err == NULL)
-    return pix;
-
-  printf_err("Failed to create pixmap:");
-  ev_xcb_error(ps, err);
-  free(err);
-  return XCB_NONE;
-}
diff --git a/src/compton.c b/src/compton.c
index fc032a0..cb28029 100644
--- a/src/compton.c
+++ b/src/compton.c
@@ -667,7 +667,7 @@ win_build_shadow(session_t *ps, win *w, double opacity) {
   const int height = w->heightb;
 
   xcb_image_t *shadow_image = NULL;
-  Pixmap shadow_pixmap = None, shadow_pixmap_argb = None;
+  xcb_pixmap_t shadow_pixmap = None, shadow_pixmap_argb = None;
   xcb_render_picture_t shadow_picture = None, shadow_picture_argb = None;
   GC gc = None;
   xcb_connection_t *c = XGetXCBConnection(ps->dpy);
@@ -678,8 +678,8 @@ win_build_shadow(session_t *ps, win *w, double opacity) {
     return None;
   }
 
-  shadow_pixmap = create_pixmap(ps, 8, ps->root, shadow_image->width, shadow_image->height);
-  shadow_pixmap_argb = create_pixmap(ps, 32, ps->root, shadow_image->width, shadow_image->height);
+  shadow_pixmap = x_create_pixmap(ps, 8, ps->root, shadow_image->width, shadow_image->height);
+  shadow_pixmap_argb = x_create_pixmap(ps, 32, ps->root, shadow_image->width, shadow_image->height);
 
   if (!shadow_pixmap || !shadow_pixmap_argb) {
     printf_errf("(): failed to create shadow pixmaps");
@@ -742,14 +742,14 @@ shadow_picture_err:
 static xcb_render_picture_t
 solid_picture(session_t *ps, bool argb, double a,
               double r, double g, double b) {
-  Pixmap pixmap;
+  xcb_pixmap_t pixmap;
   xcb_render_picture_t picture;
   xcb_render_create_picture_value_list_t pa;
   xcb_render_color_t col;
   xcb_rectangle_t rect;
   xcb_connection_t *c = XGetXCBConnection(ps->dpy);
 
-  pixmap = create_pixmap(ps, argb ? 32 : 8, ps->root, 1, 1);
+  pixmap = x_create_pixmap(ps, argb ? 32 : 8, ps->root, 1, 1);
   if (!pixmap) return None;
 
   pa.repeat = True;
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@ get_root_tile(session_t *ps) {
   ps->root_tile_fill = false;
 
   bool fill = false;
-  Pixmap pixmap = None;
+  xcb_pixmap_t pixmap = None;
 
   // Get the values of background attributes
   for (int p = 0; background_props_str[p]; p++) {
@@ -939,7 +939,7 @@ get_root_tile(session_t *ps) {
 
   // Create a pixmap if there isn't any
   if (!pixmap) {
-    pixmap = create_pixmap(ps, ps->depth, ps->root, 1, 1);
+    pixmap = x_create_pixmap(ps, ps->depth, ps->root, 1, 1);
     if (pixmap == XCB_NONE) {
       fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create some pixmap\n");
       exit(1);
@@ -1719,7 +1719,7 @@ paint_all(session_t *ps, region_t *region, const region_t *region_real, win * co
     else {
       if (!ps->tgt_buffer.pixmap) {
         free_paint(ps, &ps->tgt_buffer);
-        ps->tgt_buffer.pixmap = create_pixmap(ps, ps->depth, ps->root, ps->root_width, ps->root_height);
+        ps->tgt_buffer.pixmap = x_create_pixmap(ps, ps->depth, ps->root, ps->root_width, ps->root_height);
         if (ps->tgt_buffer.pixmap == XCB_NONE) {
           fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate a screen-sized pixmap\n");
           exit(1);
diff --git a/src/compton.h b/src/compton.h
index af225e5..bd32a11 100644
--- a/src/compton.h
+++ b/src/compton.h
@@ -197,9 +197,12 @@ free_texture(session_t *ps, glx_texture_t **t) {
  */
 static inline void
 free_paint(session_t *ps, paint_t *ppaint) {
+  xcb_connection_t *c = XGetXCBConnection(ps->dpy);
   free_paint_glx(ps, ppaint);
   free_picture(ps, &ppaint->pict);
-  free_pixmap(ps, &ppaint->pixmap);
+  if (ppaint->pixmap)
+    xcb_free_pixmap(c, ppaint->pixmap);
+  ppaint->pixmap = XCB_NONE;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -233,10 +236,13 @@ free_win_res(session_t *ps, win *w) {
  */
 static inline void
 free_root_tile(session_t *ps) {
+  xcb_connection_t *c = XGetXCBConnection(ps->dpy);
   free_picture(ps, &ps->root_tile_paint.pict);
   free_texture(ps, &ps->root_tile_paint.ptex);
-  if (ps->root_tile_fill)
-    free_pixmap(ps, &ps->root_tile_paint.pixmap);
+  if (ps->root_tile_fill) {
+    xcb_free_pixmap(c, ps->root_tile_paint.pixmap);
+    ps->root_tile_paint.pixmap = XCB_NONE;
+  }
   ps->root_tile_paint.pixmap = None;
   ps->root_tile_fill = false;
 }
@@ -392,7 +398,7 @@ dump_drawable(session_t *ps, Drawable drawable) {
  * are better ways.
  */
 static inline bool
-validate_pixmap(session_t *ps, Pixmap pxmap) {
+validate_pixmap(session_t *ps, xcb_pixmap_t pxmap) {
   if (!pxmap) return false;
 
   Window rroot = None;
diff --git a/src/opengl.c b/src/opengl.c
index 3233f6b..470a5b0 100644
--- a/src/opengl.c
+++ b/src/opengl.c
@@ -727,14 +727,13 @@ glx_load_prog_main(session_t *ps,
  * Bind a X pixmap to an OpenGL texture.
  */
 bool
-glx_bind_pixmap(session_t *ps, glx_texture_t **pptex, Pixmap pixmap,
+glx_bind_pixmap(session_t *ps, glx_texture_t **pptex, xcb_pixmap_t pixmap,
     unsigned width, unsigned height, unsigned depth) {
   if (ps->o.backend != BKEND_GLX)
     return true;
 
   if (!pixmap) {
-    printf_errf("(%#010lx): Binding to an empty pixmap. This can't work.",
-        pixmap);
+    printf_errf("(%#010x): Binding to an empty pixmap. This can't work.", pixmap);
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -776,7 +775,7 @@ glx_bind_pixmap(session_t *ps, glx_texture_t **pptex, Pixmap pixmap,
       unsigned rbdwid = 0;
       if (!XGetGeometry(ps->dpy, pixmap, &rroot, &rx, &ry,
             &width, &height, &rbdwid, &depth)) {
-        printf_errf("(%#010lx): Failed to query Pixmap info.", pixmap);
+        printf_errf("(%#010x): Failed to query Pixmap info.", pixmap);
         return false;
       }
       if (depth > OPENGL_MAX_DEPTH) {
diff --git a/src/opengl.h b/src/opengl.h
index 4757b4e..068cff7 100644
--- a/src/opengl.h
+++ b/src/opengl.h
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ glx_load_prog_main(session_t *ps,
 #endif
 
 bool
-glx_bind_pixmap(session_t *ps, glx_texture_t **pptex, Pixmap pixmap,
+glx_bind_pixmap(session_t *ps, glx_texture_t **pptex, xcb_pixmap_t pixmap,
     unsigned width, unsigned height, unsigned depth);
 
 void
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ __attribute__((nonnull(1, 2)));
  * Check if a texture is binded, or is binded to the given pixmap.
  */
 static inline bool
-glx_tex_binded(const glx_texture_t *ptex, Pixmap pixmap) {
+glx_tex_binded(const glx_texture_t *ptex, xcb_pixmap_t pixmap) {
   return ptex && ptex->glpixmap && ptex->texture
     && (!pixmap || pixmap == ptex->pixmap);
 }
diff --git a/src/x.c b/src/x.c
index 183f952..b8188c7 100644
--- a/src/x.c
+++ b/src/x.c
@@ -200,13 +200,15 @@ x_create_picture(session_t *ps, int wid, int hei,
 
   int depth = pictfmt->depth;
 
-  Pixmap tmp_pixmap = create_pixmap(ps, depth, ps->root, wid, hei);
+  xcb_pixmap_t tmp_pixmap = x_create_pixmap(ps, depth, ps->root, wid, hei);
   if (!tmp_pixmap)
     return None;
 
   xcb_render_picture_t picture =
     x_create_picture_with_pictfmt_and_pixmap(ps, pictfmt, tmp_pixmap, valuemask, attr);
-  free_pixmap(ps, &tmp_pixmap);
+
+  xcb_connection_t *c = XGetXCBConnection(ps->dpy);
+  xcb_free_pixmap(c, tmp_pixmap);
 
   return picture;
 }
@@ -361,3 +363,21 @@ x_print_error(unsigned long serial, uint8_t major, uint8_t minor, uint8_t error_
 
   // print_backtrace();
 }
+
+/**
+ * Create a pixmap and check that creation succeeded.
+ */
+xcb_pixmap_t
+x_create_pixmap(session_t *ps, uint8_t depth, xcb_drawable_t drawable, uint16_t width, uint16_t height) {
+  xcb_connection_t *c = XGetXCBConnection(ps->dpy);
+  xcb_pixmap_t pix = xcb_generate_id(c);
+  xcb_void_cookie_t cookie = xcb_create_pixmap_checked(c, depth, pix, drawable, width, height);
+  xcb_generic_error_t *err = xcb_request_check(c, cookie);
+  if (err == NULL)
+    return pix;
+
+  printf_err("Failed to create pixmap:");
+  ev_xcb_error(ps, err);
+  free(err);
+  return XCB_NONE;
+}
diff --git a/src/x.h b/src/x.h
index 6475555..f5508c0 100644
--- a/src/x.h
+++ b/src/x.h
@@ -96,3 +96,6 @@ void x_set_picture_clip_region(session_t *ps, xcb_render_picture_t,
  */
 void
 x_print_error(unsigned long serial, uint8_t major, uint8_t minor, uint8_t error_code);
+
+xcb_pixmap_t
+x_create_pixmap(session_t *ps, uint8_t depth, xcb_drawable_t drawable, uint16_t width, uint16_t height);
diff --git a/src/xrescheck.h b/src/xrescheck.h
index a783f8f..6933f29 100644
--- a/src/xrescheck.h
+++ b/src/xrescheck.h
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ xcb_composite_name_window_pixmap_(xcb_connection_t *c, xcb_window_t window, xcb_
   xcb_composite_name_window_pixmap_(dpy, window, pixmap, M_POS_DATA)
 
 static inline void
-xcb_free_pixmap_(xcb_connection_t *c, Pixmap pixmap, M_POS_DATA_PARAMS) {
+xcb_free_pixmap_(xcb_connection_t *c, xcb_pixmap_t pixmap, M_POS_DATA_PARAMS) {
   xcb_free_pixmap(c, pixmap);
   xrc_delete_xid_(pixmap, M_POS_DATA_PASSTHROUGH);
 }